This thesis has three objectivesnamely:1) to study ecology in Theravada Buddhism 2) to study ecology in Roman Catholic Christianity and 3) to compare study of ecology in Theravada Buddhism and Roman Catholic Christianity. This study is of documentary type of research. The data of this study has been analyzed by descriptive analysis.

The result of study is found that:

The ecology of Theravada Buddhism emphasizes both the thought system and good way of life, in relation to the natural things, as well as the laws of nature and the principles of Buddhism, morality, principles and discipline. Environmentally friendly and ecologically friendly.

In Roman Catholic Christianity the teachings of nature, the ecology is created to be a human property. Humans have the duty to protect what the God has given for the happiness of man. Humans are the healers without destroying ecology since the creation of the world because He loves the world.

Both concept concerning the nature which different is origin of the nature. But similarity is the both the conservation of the environment and ecology by adjusting concepts and actions that are right for nature and ecology by refraining from destroying other creatures and from the natural.

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