The objectives of this research are: 1) to study theories of social work in modern sciences, 2) to study theories of social work in Theravada Buddhist texts 3) to study Guideline of Social work of Wat in Southern Provinces of Thailand. This research is qualitative research which bases on field study and interview.

As the result, firstly, Social work refers to providing assistance to people experiencing physical and mental suffering. The starting point is from common sense to provide volunteer assistance. In order to help those who are experiencing problems can help themselves. The basic concept is that of compassion for the person who is suffering from various problems. The use of the arts in the process of social work. Role theory theory Planned Change Theory Psychosocial Theory Theory of duty Theory focuses on social behavior. And the theory of help in case of crisis.

Secondly, the goal of social work in Buddhism is concerning to encourage human beings to realize the meaning of life, to release human beings from suffering, and to enhance loving kindness among them by Sanghavatthu (The Principles of Service). 

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