Abstract

This research paper has 2 objectives; 1) to study the Dhamma principlesin Bhāra-sutta and 2) to study the dhamma principles and Vipassanameditation practice in Bhāra-sutta by studying data from Thipitaka, its commentary, sub-commentaries and other related documents, such as Visuddhimagga then arranged and written in .descriptive style and finally verified by advisor and experts.

From the study, it found that the core teaching found in Bhara-sutta was 5 aggregates delivered by the Buddha composed of matter, feeling, perception, mental formations and consciousness. These aggregates form all beings including man, animal etc. as self-cogintion. Aggregates attachment was named as a ‘burden’ because one must carry on and look after these aggregates until his death. The burdener refers to those whose cling self-love, their family with such name and surename. The burden tool was 3 desires; sensual desire, existence desire and non-existence desire which lead to endless rebirth due to entertaining in sensual objects. Leaving burden refers to uprooting, sacrifice, liberating, without missing any desire, not clinging to other burdens, thirstless. This is called as ‘a burden disposer.’

Doctrine and insight practice found in Bhara-sutta were that these 5 aggregates are objects of insight development in foundation of mindfulness in section of contemplation on mental objects. For practice, the practitioner keeps in mind the morality, being calmful, distractionless, then setting mindfulness observing happening mental objects at present moment. He analyzes 5 aggregates and seeing them as ‘just like that’ in each aggregate until realizing matter and mind into three marks of things; impermanence, suffering, non-self. Without stoping, his mind will enter into the range of insight knowledge leading to noble path knowledge cutting down all defilements resulting the Nibbana. The pains completely cease because renouncing all aggregate attachments.

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